Introduction
Back in June, I was driving in central France on an open road, newly surfaced, with beautiful scenery all around. The sun was shining, and there was virtually no traffic. After a very pleasant 3-hour drive, we got straight to our destination with no complications. Isn’t this basically what we want our lives to be like?
But, in reality, for many of us, life is more like traveling down an obscure, winding lane in the middle of nowhere. You get stuck for miles behind tractors. The satnav, if it’s not broken, is sending you down unmade roads with potholes and confusing signposts. There’s fog.
The engine starts making a strange sound and a warning light on the dashboard starts to flicker ominously. There are overgrown hedges scratching the paintwork on the side of your car. There are even occasional herds of sheep wandering out onto the road in front of you.
And yes, I have driven in Wales...
But for Christians, to continue the analogy, all along this narrow, winding road, there are songs playing on the car radio with lyrics like, “My grace is sufficient for you” and “I am with you always” and “those who persevere to the end will be saved.” God’s word speaks heavenly encouragement and perspective all through life.
Not least the book of Ruth. If you are dejected, or weary, and it seems like God has gone quiet and left you, the message of Ruth is that, however challenging the road of faith is, it is not a dead end. We cannot always see it, but Ruth shows how God is at work in all of life’s ups and downs.
The story so far…
For the benefit of those who are joining us for the first time today, or who might have been away for some of the last few weeks, I want to briefly recap what we have seen so far. The story of Ruth begins with a series of tragedies and disappointments.
Chapter 1 begins with a famine in Bethlehem, prompting a man called Elimelech to move his wife Naomi and their two sons to a godless place called Moab. He then dies. Naomi’s sons marry Moabite women - Orpah and Ruth. Then the sons also die, leaving three destitute widows.
Naomi decides that blood is thicker than water. So she returns to Bethlehem, urging her daughters-in-law to stay behind. Orpah agrees, but Ruth says, “No. Don’t make me go home. I’m not leaving you. I’m staying with you. Your people are mine now, and your God is going to be mine too.”
Chapter 2 then describes how, back in Bethlehem, Ruth works hard to put bread on the table for Naomi. She picks up grain that the harvesters miss in a field that belongs to a godly and wealthy man called Boaz.
He notices the sweat on Ruth’s brow and her loyal heart. He makes sure she is safe from sexual harassment, which was all too common, and he provides kindly for her.
Naomi then realises that Boaz is relative of her dead husband, and therefore a potential “guardian-redeemer,” that is to say, someone who can restore the broken family line by marriage.
So, in chapter 3 Naomi devises an unusual and risky plan. She tells Ruth to approach Boaz while he sleeps at night, startle him by uncovering his feet and ask him to “spread his cloak” over her.
This is basically code for, “Boaz, this is the bit where you propose to me.” It’s not the done thing at all, but Ruth goes for it, and Boaz… responds positively.
But, just as Naomi and Ruth’s winding road is starting at last to straighten, there’s a big complication.
It turns out that there is someone else who, according to custom, is first in line to marry Ruth and so give her and Naomi the security they yearn for. So, chapter 3 ends with suspense and uncertainty. How is this all going to play out? Let’s read on. Chapter 4, verse 1:
Meanwhile Boaz went up to the town gate and sat down there just as the guardian-redeemer he had mentioned came along. Boaz said, ‘Come over here, my friend, and sit down.’ So he went over and sat down.
Boaz took ten of the elders of the town and said, ‘Sit here,’ and they did so. Then he said to the guardian-redeemer, ‘Naomi, who has come back from Moab, is selling the piece of land that belonged to our relative Elimelek.
I thought I should bring the matter to your attention and suggest that you buy it in the presence of these seated here and in the presence of the elders of my people. If you will redeem it, do so. But if you will not, tell me, so I will know. For no one has the right to do it except you, and I am next in line.’
‘I will redeem it,’ he said.
God’s invisible hand of blessing
All the way through the book of Ruth so far, we have witnessed the invisible hand of God at work. Ruth happens to insist on sticking with Naomi instead of returning home, where her prospects are better. They just happen to return to Bethlehem at harvest time, when there is a need for casual labour.
It just so happens that Ruth is invited to glean in a kind and protective man’s field. He just so happens to be a close relative of Naomi’s dead husband. And it just so happens that Boaz responds positively to Ruth’s audacious advances.
Nothing in life “just so happens” though. Not one sparrow falls to the ground without the Lord’s permission. This is the sovereignty of God.
When I was a young Christian, I used to love listening to a song by Amy Grant with these lyrics:
God only knows the times my life was threatened just today.
A reckless car ran out of gas before it ran my way.
Near misses all around me, accidents unknown,
Though I never see with human eyes the hands that lead me home.
But I know they’re all around me all day and through the night.
When the enemy is closing in, I know sometimes they fight
To keep my feet from falling, I’ll never turn away.
If you’re asking what’s protecting me then you’re gonna hear me say:
And then she sings about the Lord watching over our lives, ordering every step.
And so it’s no surprise that God’s providence in Ruth continues into chapter 4. Boaz goes to the city gate and this next of kin guy just happens to be right there.
A bit of background
It goes without saying that some of the customs and practices in the Middle East 1,200 years before Christ, are very different to what we are used to in 21st Century Britain. Ruth chapter 4 is a case in point.
Alas, I have no expertise in the obscure arrangements for the transfer of property and for the marriage of widows in that culture, but do not be dismayed. All is not lost. Because I feel sure that our esteemed leader Michael Coltman will have been busy becoming acquainted with all such matters over the past 12 weeks, and that he will be willing - indeed, eager - to patiently explain it all for you in stunning detail when he returns from his sabbatical leave on Wednesday!
Until then, you will just have to make do with a simplified summary of these cultural peculiarities from the rank amateur who stands before you.
If you haven’t been here the last couple of weeks, you probably won’t be familiar with this guardian-redeemer vibe. So here, in three sentences, is a basic summary:
1) If a man lost his land, for whatever reason, his close relatives had first refusal to buy it back to keep it the family.
2) If a married man died before having children, his male next of kin had a moral duty to consider marrying his widow and have children with her so that the name of his deceased relative did not die out.
3) If this new couple had children, and this is key to understanding Ruth chapter 4, if the new couple had children, it was the children who inherited the land, not the next of kin who had married the widow.
That, in a nutshell, is how their society worked.
A spanner in the works
So here’s Boaz sitting down with the next of kin to Naomi’s deceased husband Elimelek. We don’t know this man’s name. Boaz just calls him “friend,” so let’s call him Mr. Friend.
Boaz informs Mr. Friend, in v3 that his relative Naomi is selling a bit of land. It’s not worth much. I mean it can’t be. Otherwise, Ruth wouldn’t have been gleaning like a beggar in the barley field.
In all likelihood, Naomi needs to sell her one, last, modest asset just to have food to eat. So Boaz says, “Friend, you have first refusal; the land is yours if you want it. If not, I’m next in line.”
Mr. Friend, I want to suggest, is something of a waste of space. He is the guardian-redeemer. That is to say, he has prime moral responsibility to look after Naomi and Ruth after their husbands’ deaths. It’s his duty, it’s his job.
And what has he done for these two poor widows so far? Answer: Nothing! This is the first we even hear of him. The barley and wheat harvests are both now over. That’s at least 8-10 weeks they’ve been back in Bethlehem.
He hasn’t called round, he hasn’t supplied a single grain of barley for them. He hasn’t protected them. He has been completely anonymous - Mr. Friend doesn’t really care.
If Mr. Friend decides he wants to buy the land instead of Boaz, it will be a disaster. And in v4, all the sirens go off because it turns out that Mr. Friend does want to buy the land.
So Ruth, this sweet, loyal, hardworking, devoted and godly woman is going to get landed with a useless lump who didn’t notice her, doesn’t love her and doesn’t care about her welfare. And Boaz, who loves her, will go home empty handed.
So in v5, Boaz ups his game - and what he does is brilliant. Let’s read on.
Then Boaz said, ‘On the day you buy the land from Naomi, you also acquire Ruth the Moabite, the dead man’s widow, in order to maintain the name of the dead with his property.’
At this, the guardian-redeemer said, ‘Then I cannot redeem it because I might endanger my own estate. You redeem it yourself. I cannot do it.’ (Now in earlier times in Israel, for the redemption and transfer of property to become final, one party took off his sandal and gave it to the other. This was the method of legalising transactions in Israel.)
So the guardian-redeemer said to Boaz, ‘Buy it yourself.’ And he removed his sandal.

The fine print
In other words, Boaz says, “Oh yeah, did I mention the small print? The land comes with a Moabite woman who you’ll have to marry.”
Notice he doesn’t say how lovely Ruth is or how she has become a member by faith of God’s chosen people. He just says, “Ruth the Moabite, the dead man’s widow.” In other words, she’s a needy foreign migrant, dependent on handouts. And she’s been married before.
We don’t know how her husband died... Ruth doesn’t seem to be able to have children. And she comes with a mother-in-law who describes herself as “bitter”, who’d have to live in your house as well. A destitute migrant, apparently infertile, whose first husband died in mysterious circumstances with a bitter mother-in-law. Still interested?”
Mr. Friend’s jaw drops, and he says, “You know, I would really love to, but I just can’t. You do it.” Boaz thinks, “Yes!” and they shake hands. Or rather they exchange shoes.
Wouldn’t it be great if buying a house was as simple as some random guy in the town centre taking his shoe off and giving it to you? No survey, no flowery hard sell from the estate agent, no haggling over the asking price, no stamp duty, no solicitor, no searches, no bank loan to arrange, no proof of address paperwork – just some random guy’s sweaty shoe and it’s all done that same day!
We read on, v9.
Then Boaz announced to the elders and all the people, ‘Today you are witnesses that I have bought from Naomi all the property of Elimelek, Kilion and Mahlon. I have also acquired Ruth the Moabite, Mahlon’s widow, as my wife, in order to maintain the name of the dead with his property, so that his name will not disappear from among his family or from his home town. Today you are witnesses!’
Then the elders and all the people at the gate said, ‘We are witnesses. May the Lord make the woman who is coming into your home like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the family of Israel. May you have standing in Ephrathah and be famous in Bethlehem. Through the offspring the Lord gives you by this young woman, may your family be like that of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah.’
God’s way is best
And that’s how Boaz becomes the family guardian and redeemer of Naomi, and by extension of Ruth. Verse 13 and following bring the story to a close.
So Boaz took Ruth and she became his wife. When he made love to her, the Lord enabled her to conceive, and she gave birth to a son. The women said to Naomi: ‘Praise be to the Lord, who this day has not left you without a guardian-redeemer. May he become famous throughout Israel! He will renew your life and sustain you in your old age. For your daughter-in-law, who loves you and who is better to you than seven sons, has given him birth.’
Then Naomi took the child in her arms and cared for him. The women living there said, ‘Naomi has a son!’ And they named him Obed. He was the father of Jesse, the father of David.
This, then, is the family line of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron, Hezron the father of Ram, Ram the father of Amminadab, Amminadab the father of Nahshon, Nahshon the father of Salmon, Salmon the father of Boaz, Boaz the father of Obed, Obed the father of Jesse, and Jesse the father of David.
Ruth and Boaz marry, make love and have a child, v13. Notice the order, by the way. Marriage, sex, children. They don’t move in together for a few years to see if they’re compatible.
Very wise of them. I once read an intelligent and perceptive comment by a Christian woman called Anna, on a blog I used to follow. This is her perspective:
“It is foolish” she writes, “for any woman to give herself to a man who is not willing to give her the security of marriage. It cheapens her and makes her an object for the man’s pleasure. A man might walk away anytime, possibly leaving her with children. Women are more vulnerable, invest more in relationships, and suffer more when relationships break up. A ring is the very least any respectable woman should expect from a man before she allows him to touch her body. Marriage empowers women, and our mothers were wiser than the liberated women of today.”
Research backs her up. A dozen studies from the 1970s into the early 2000s all showed that, on average, couples who cohabit before marriage have a 33% higher chance of divorcing than couples who save themselves for marriage and set up home together after their wedding.
Who could have possibly foreseen that God’s way is the best way?
Ruth and Boaz commit to one another, for better or for worse, then they consummate their marriage, and then they have a little boy called Obed which means “servant worshipper.”
And I love v15 where they say to Naomi, “your daughter-in-law, [Ruth] who loves you and who is better to you than seven sons, has given birth.”
I love this verse because in our world, even in our day, in many places, people so often value boys above girls. Not just in places like China with their one child policy. Here in the UK as well.
In 2012, two doctors, one in Birmingham and one in Sheffield, were filmed in an undercover sting investigation offering to abort babies because they were girls. Sex-selective abortion is not permitted in the UK under current law.
The Crown Prosecution Service were handed the recordings and had sufficient evidence to prosecute these doctors, but they decided it was not in the public interest to do so. So someone launched a private prosecution, and these doctors were summonsed to answer charges in Manchester Crown Court.
The CPS shamefully and culpably refused to release the footage, so the judge could not allow it as evidence. The case therefore collapsed and the court ordered the brave young woman who brought the case to pay the two doctors £36,000 compensation, plus £11,000 costs.
So, in the UK, there has been state collusion in the termination by healthy mothers of healthy babies because they are girls. Lord, have mercy for this injustice.
God’s infallible word says that godly and kind and loyal daughters, like Ruth, are better than seven, the perfect number of, sons.
All’s well that ends well
After all the famine, the funerals, the hardship, the homelessness - here is Naomi, with tears of joy running down her face. There’s a baby boy in her arms, a baby born in Bethlehem, who makes everything right. I hardly need to ask, who does that remind you of?
There are so many ways that Boaz foreshadows Jesus as our redeemer, it cannot be accidental.
Boaz is under no obligation to redeem Ruth. Just like Jesus didn’t have to redeem us. He chose us out of pure grace.
Boaz was eligible to redeem Ruth - Jesus was eligible to save us because of his sinless life.
Boaz was ready to redeem Ruth - Jesus was willing to save us.
Boaz paid a price to redeem Ruth - Jesus paid the highest price to save us; his own blood.
Boaz overcame obstacles to redeem Ruth - Jesus overcame the greatest obstacle of all to save us; rising from the dead.
Like Boaz, Ruth also foreshadows her greatest descendant, the Lord Jesus.
In this part of the story, notice that Ruth is in the background, and she doesn’t say a word. Her redemption is a free gift for which she brings nothing. Nor do we contribute anything to our salvation; no good works, no religious performance, no persuasive arguments, just ourselves, empty handed, just as we are.
You look at Ruth and:
You see one who left the comfort of her father’s house to become poor in a strange place
You see one who loved the loveless, Naomi
You see one who gave up her life for a bitter, hopeless woman and became her salvation
You see (as I explained last week) one who considered a man’s heart, not his background
The invisible hand of God. The purposeful sovereignty of God. We believe in it.
Let’s, as we close the book of Ruth, have faith to trust that God’s hand is surely at work in all the everyday ups and downs of our lives to bring outcomes, even long after we’re gone, that we could scarcely dream of.
Let’s pray...
Sermon preached at King's Church Darlington, 17 August 2025